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Fosfomycin
- indication:For the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (acute cystitis) in women due to susceptible strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: Fosfomycin is a phosphoenolpyruvate analogue produced by Streptomyces that irreversibly inhibits enolpyruvate transferase (MurA), which prevents the formation of N-acetylmuramic acid, an essential element of the peptidoglycan cell wall.
- toxicity: LD<sub>50</sub>>5 g/kg (rats). Side effects may include diarrhea
- absorprion: Fosfomycin tromethamine is rapidly absorbed following oral administration and converted to fosfomycin. Oral bioavailability under fasting conditions is 37%. When given with food, oral bioavailability is reduced to 30%
- halflife: 5.7 (&plusmn; 2.8) hours. The elimination half-life is 40 hours in anuric patients undergoing hemodialysis.
- roouteelimination: Fosfomycin is excreted unchanged in both urine and feces.
- volumedistribution: * 136.1 ±44.1 L
- clearance: * 16.9 +/- 3.5 L/hr