-
Carprofen
- indication:For use as a pain reliever in the treatment of joint pain and post-surgical pain.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: The mechanism of action of carprofen, like that of other NSAIDs, is believed to be associated with the inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity. Two unique cyclooxygenases have been described in mammals. The constitutive cyclooxygenase, COX-1, synthesizes prostaglandins necessary for normal gastrointestinal and renal function. The inducible cyclooxygenase, COX-2, generates prostaglandins involved in inflammation. Inhibition of COX-1 is thought to be associated with gastrointestinal and renal toxicity while inhibition of COX-2 provides anti-inflammatory activity. In an <i>in vitro</i> study using canine cell cultures, carprofen demonstrated selective inhibition of COX-2 versus COX-1.
- toxicity: Symptoms of NSAID overdose include dizziness and nystagmus. Oral LD<sub>50</sub> in mouse and rat is 282 mg/kg and 149 mg/kg, respectively.
- absorprion: Rapidly and nearly completely absorbed (more than 90% bioavailable) when administered orally.
- halflife: Approximately 8 hours (range 4.5&ndash;9.8 hours) in dogs.
- roouteelimination:
- volumedistribution:
- clearance: