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Oxcarbazepine
- indication:For use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in children ages 4-16 with epilepsy.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: The exact mechanism by which oxcarbazepine exerts its anticonvulsant effect is unknown. It is known that the pharmacological activity of oxcarbazepine occurs primarily through its 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD). In vitro studies indicate an MHD-induced blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcited neuronal membranes, inhibition of repetitive neuronal discharges, and diminution of propagation of synaptic impulses.
- toxicity: Isolated cases of overdose with oxcarbazepine have been reported. The maximum dose taken was approximately 24,000 mg. All patients recovered with symptomatic treatment.
- absorprion: Completely absorbed following oral administration. Food has no effect on the rate and extent of absorption of oxcarbazepine.
- halflife: The half-life of the parent is about 2 hours, while the half-life of MHD is about 9 hours, so that MHD is responsible for most anti-epileptic activity.
- roouteelimination: Oxcarbazepine is cleared from the body mostly in the form of metabolites which are predominantly excreted by the kidneys. Fecal excretion accounts for less than 4% of the administered dose.
- volumedistribution: * 49 L
- clearance: