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Icodextrin
- indication:Used for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) of diabetic patients or automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) for the management of end-stage renal disease.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: Icodextrin is a starch-derived, water-soluble glucose polymer linked by alpha (1-4) and alpha (1-6) glycosidic bonds with an average molecular weight between 13,000 and 19,000 daltons. It functions as a colloid osmotic agent to achieve ultrafiltration during long (12-16 hour) peritoneal dialysis dwells. In other words it helps clean waste out of the body when the kidneys are not functioning properly. Icodectrin acts in the peritoneal cavity by exerting osmotic pressure across small intercellular pores resulting in transcapillary ultrafiltration through the dwell. This is due to the fact that the polymer is minimially absorbed across the peritoneal membrane. Icodextrin achieves superior fluid removal compared with glucose-based dialysates.
- toxicity:
- absorprion: 40% of instilled icodextrin was absorbed from the peritoneal solution during a 12-hour dwell.
- halflife:
- roouteelimination:
- volumedistribution:
- clearance: