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Cetirizine
- indication:For the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis and the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: Cetirizine competes with histamine for binding at H<sub>1</sub>-receptor sites on the effector cell surface, resulting in suppression of histaminic edema, flare, and pruritus. The low incidence of sedation can be attributed to reduced penetration of cetirizine into the CNS as a result of the less lipophilic carboxyl group on the ethylamine side chain.
- toxicity: Somnolence (sleepiness or unusual drowsiness), restlessness, irritability
- absorprion: mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 114 ng/mL at a time (Tmax) of 2.2 hours postdose was observed for cetirizine
- halflife: 8.3 hours
- roouteelimination:
- volumedistribution:
- clearance: * 53 mL/min [healthy]