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Omeprazole
- indication:For the treatment of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication, and prevention of gastroinetestinal bleeds with NSAID use.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase in the gastric parietal cell. By acting specifically on the proton pump, omeprazole blocks the final step in acid production, thus reducing gastric acidity.
- toxicity: Symptoms of overdose include confusion, drowsiness, blurred vision, tachycardia, nausea, diaphoresis, flushing, headache, and dry mouth.
- absorprion: Absorption is rapid, absolute bioavailability (compared to intravenous administration) is about 30-40% at doses of 20-40 mg.
- halflife: 0.5-1 hour
- roouteelimination: Urinary excretion is a primary route of excretion of omeprazole metabolites.
- volumedistribution:
- clearance: * total body cl=500-600 mL/min [healthy] * 250 mL/min [Geriatric] * 70 mL/min [Hepatic Impairment] * 10 - 62 mL/min/1.73 m2 [Renal Impairment]