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Pantoprazole
- indication:Short-term (up to 16 weeks) treatment of erosive esophagitis.
- pharmacologypharmacology:
- mechanism: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses the final step in gastric acid production by forming a covalent bond to two sites of the (H<sup>+</sup>,K<sup>+</sup> )- ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cell. This effect is dose- related and leads to inhibition of both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion irrespective of the stimulus.
- toxicity: Single intravenous doses of pantoprazole at 378, 230, and 266 mg/kg (38, 46, and 177 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) were lethal to mice, rats and dogs, respectively. The symptoms of toxicity included hypoactivity, ataxia, hunched sitting, limb-splay, lateral position, segregation, absence of ear reflex, and tremor. There is limited experience regarding cases of human overdosage, and treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
- absorprion: Pantoprazole is well absorbed. It undergoes little first-pass metabolism resulting in an absolute bioavailability of approximately 77%.
- halflife: 1 hour
- roouteelimination: After administration of a single intravenous dose of 14C-labeled pantoprazole to healthy, normal metabolizer subjects, approximately 71% of the dose was excreted in the urine with 18% excreted in the feces through biliary excretion.
- volumedistribution: * 11.0 to 23.6 L
- clearance: * 7.6-14.0 L/h