| Ημερομηνία | barcode | code | περιεχομενο | τιμή παραγωγός | χονδρική | λιανική |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05/2018 | 2800501002019 | 50100201 | DIANICOTYL TAB 100MG/TAB BTX100(10BLISTX10) | 2.37 | 2.49 | 3.43 |
For the treatment of all forms of tuberculosis in which organisms are susceptible.
Isoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by bacterial catalase. Specficially, activation is associated with reduction of the mycobacterial ferric KatG catalase-peroxidase by hydrazine and reaction with oxygen to form an oxyferrous enzyme complex. Once activated, isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic levels isoniazid is bacteriocidal against actively growing intracellular and extracellular <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> organisms. Specifically isoniazid inhibits InhA, the enoyl reductase from <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, by forming a covalent adduct with the NAD cofactor. It is the INH-NAD adduct that acts as a slow, tight-binding competitive inhibitor of InhA.
LD<sub>50</sub> 100 mg/kg (Human, oral). Adverse reactions include rash, abnormal liver function tests, hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, mild central nervous system (CNS) effects. In vivo, Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal to form a hydrazone, and thus inhibits generation of pyridoxal phosphate. Isoniazid also combines with pyridoxal phosphate; high doses interfere with the coenzyme function of the latter.
Readily absorbed following oral administration; however, may undergo significant first pass metabolism. Absorption and bioavailability are reduced when isoniazid is administered with food.
Fast acetylators: 0.5 to 1.6 hours. Slow acetylators: 2 to 5 hours.
From 50 to 70 percent of a dose of isoniazid is excreted in the urine within 24 hours.